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I Ching · 64 Hexagrams
Zhouyi and I Ching, hexagram 59, the Dispersion hexagram, Wind and Water Dispersal, Xun above Kan below
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Huan: Success. The king approaches the ancestral temple. It is beneficial to cross the great river. It is beneficial to remain steadfast and correct.
The Tuan Commentary says: Dispersion means success. The firm comes and is not exhausted; the yielding gains its place outside and joins with what is above. “The king approaches the ancestral temple” means the king is at the center. “It is favorable to cross the great river” means riding wood achieves merit.
The Image Commentary says: Wind moves over water—Dispersion. The former kings made offerings to the Supreme Deity and established ancestral temples.
Hexagram 59 — original text and overview
Detailed explanation of the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Original text of the Dispersion hexagram
Dispersion. Success; the king approaches the ancestral temple. It is favorable to cross the great river; favorable to be steadfast.
The Image says: Wind moves over water—Dispersion. The former kings made offerings to the Supreme Deity and established ancestral temples.
Explanation in plain language
The Dispersion hexagram: Success, because the king personally visits the ancestral temple to avert calamity and pray for blessings. It is favorable to cross water and rivers. This is an auspicious divination.
The Image Commentary says: The upper trigram is Xun, which is wind; the lower trigram is Kan, which is water. Wind moving over water is the image of the Dispersion hexagram. The former kings observed this image and thus offered sacrifices to Heaven’s Emperor, established ancestral temples, and promoted the “moral teaching” of honoring Heaven and showing filial respect to ancestors.
Explanation from The Heavenly Mechanism of Divining Changes
The Dispersion hexagram has Xun above and Kan below, and is the fifth-generation hexagram of the Li palace. Dispersion means dispersal, indicating that evil leaves the body and difficulties will disappear. It is favorable to cross the great river, with no obstruction entering or leaving, and is therefore an auspicious hexagram.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Disperse separation and dissolve disasters; observe changes and use the opportunity to build power and conserve strength.
Those who obtain this hexagram initially encounter setbacks, but can ultimately escape difficulty. They should act carefully so that everything proceeds smoothly; avoid willful indulgence.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune turns around; success follows naturally.
Wealth: The spirits bless you; sources of wealth flow freely.
Home: Praying to the gods brings blessings; one finds a good match naturally.
Health: The illness is severe and may be beyond recovery.
Traditional interpretation of the hexagram
This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Xun above. Wind moves over water, stirring the waves and overflowing in all directions. Dispersion means water flowing apart. It symbolizes an organization and people’s hearts becoming scattered; one must overcome this through active means and methods, defeat the defects, rescue what is dispersed, and turn danger into safety.
Great image: Wind blows across the water’s surface, making it flow and scatter; it is also like spring wind dispersing severe cold and causing ice and snow to melt.
Fortune: Although there are worries and dangers, difficulty can ultimately be resolved and everything proceeds smoothly; avoid willfulness and laxity.
Career: You are in a relatively difficult situation, mainly because people are not united. Adopt powerful measures to achieve stability and unity. Most important is to persist in the right path, uphold a spirit of public-minded selflessness, and gather people’s hearts to reunite what is scattered.
Business: Market conditions are chaotic and direction is unclear, so a suitable amount of risk is entirely necessary. But you must be fair and selfless, restrain selfish desires, and seek capable partners and support.
Seeking recognition: You must calm your mind, study diligently, improve your knowledge, and increase your abilities. The scattered situation must be governed, which requires talent from many fields. The future is bright, and the key depends on your personal effort.
Marriage and love: As long as both sides hold pure intentions, it will surely be happy and successful.
Decision-making: To develop your undertaking, you must use active means to overcome and defeat the internal illness of disunity. First remove selfishness from yourself, sacrifice the small self to fulfill the greater self. Do not become involved in disputes over right and wrong. In this way, stability can be regained. In a good environment, every undertaking has a bright future.
Philosophical meaning of the 59th hexagram
The Dispersion hexagram is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Xun above. Wind moves over water, stirring the waves and overflowing in all directions. Ancient people observed that if there was a pit of water on the ground, it dried faster on windy days than on windless days, so they realized that wind scattered the water. When they encountered a hexagram body with Kan water below and Xun wind above, they naturally thought of wind blowing above and dispersing water; therefore this hexagram, Kan below and Xun above, was called “Dispersion.” Yet when wind scatters water, it becomes vapor and brings rain. Thus, although Dispersion means water flowing apart and symbolizes a scattered organization and people’s hearts, if active means and methods are used to overcome and defeat its defects, the dispersal can be rescued and danger turned into safety.
The Dispersion hexagram follows the Dui hexagram. The Sequence of the Hexagrams explains it this way: “After people experience joy, their minds become scattered, so Dispersion follows.”
The Image Commentary explains: “Wind moves over water—Dispersion; the former kings made offerings to the Supreme Deity and established ancestral temples.” It points out that the image of Dispersion is Kan water below and Xun wind above, the appearance of wind moving over water, symbolizing dispersal and separation. The ancient kings sacrificed to the Supreme Deity and built temples to gather and reunite people’s hearts.
The Dispersion hexagram symbolizes dispersal and reveals how to save what is scattered; it belongs to the lower trigram. The Image Commentary judges it with this verse: “Across the river, one sees a bar of gold; one wishes to take it, but the bank is broad and the water deep. Hoping for wealth, it is hard to get it; all night one vainly exhausts oneself thinking about wealth.”
Original text of the Dispersion hexagram
Dispersion. Success; the king approaches the ancestral temple. It is favorable to cross the great river; favorable to be steadfast.
The Image says: Wind moves over water—Dispersion. The former kings made offerings to the Supreme Deity and established ancestral temples.
Explanation in plain language
The Dispersion hexagram: Success, because the king personally visits the ancestral temple to avert calamity and pray for blessings. It is favorable to cross water and rivers. This is an auspicious divination.
The Image Commentary says: The upper trigram is Xun, which is wind; the lower trigram is Kan, which is water. Wind moving over water is the image of the Dispersion hexagram. The former kings observed this image and thus offered sacrifices to Heaven’s Emperor, established ancestral temples, and promoted the “moral teaching” of honoring Heaven and showing filial respect to ancestors.
Explanation from The Heavenly Mechanism of Divining Changes
The Dispersion hexagram has Xun above and Kan below, and is the fifth-generation hexagram of the Li palace. Dispersion means dispersal, indicating that evil leaves the body and difficulties will disappear. It is favorable to cross the great river, with no obstruction entering or leaving, and is therefore an auspicious hexagram.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Disperse separation and dissolve disasters; observe changes and use the opportunity to build power and conserve strength.
Those who obtain this hexagram initially encounter setbacks, but can ultimately escape difficulty. They should act carefully so that everything proceeds smoothly; avoid willful indulgence.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune turns around; success follows naturally.
Wealth: The spirits bless you; sources of wealth flow freely.
Home: Praying to the gods brings blessings; one finds a good match naturally.
Health: The illness is severe and may be beyond recovery.
Traditional interpretation of the hexagram
This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Xun above. Wind moves over water, stirring the waves and overflowing in all directions. Dispersion means water flowing apart. It symbolizes an organization and people’s hearts becoming scattered; one must overcome this through active means and methods, defeat the defects, rescue what is dispersed, and turn danger into safety.
Great image: Wind blows across the water’s surface, making it flow and scatter; it is also like spring wind dispersing severe cold and causing ice and snow to melt.
Fortune: Although there are worries and dangers, difficulty can ultimately be resolved and everything proceeds smoothly; avoid willfulness and laxity.
Career: You are in a relatively difficult situation, mainly because people are not united. Adopt powerful measures to achieve stability and unity. Most important is to persist in the right path, uphold a spirit of public-minded selflessness, and gather people’s hearts to reunite what is scattered.
Business: Market conditions are chaotic and direction is unclear, so a suitable amount of risk is entirely necessary. But you must be fair and selfless, restrain selfish desires, and seek capable partners and support.
Seeking recognition: You must calm your mind, study diligently, improve your knowledge, and increase your abilities. The scattered situation must be governed, which requires talent from many fields. The future is bright, and the key depends on your personal effort.
Marriage and love: As long as both sides hold pure intentions, it will surely be happy and successful.
Decision-making: To develop your undertaking, you must use active means to overcome and defeat the internal illness of disunity. First remove selfishness from yourself, sacrifice the small self to fulfill the greater self. Do not become involved in disputes over right and wrong. In this way, stability can be regained. In a good environment, every undertaking has a bright future.
Philosophical meaning of the 59th hexagram
The Dispersion hexagram is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Xun above. Wind moves over water, stirring the waves and overflowing in all directions. Ancient people observed that if there was a pit of water on the ground, it dried faster on windy days than on windless days, so they realized that wind scattered the water. When they encountered a hexagram body with Kan water below and Xun wind above, they naturally thought of wind blowing above and dispersing water; therefore this hexagram, Kan below and Xun above, was called “Dispersion.” Yet when wind scatters water, it becomes vapor and brings rain. Thus, although Dispersion means water flowing apart and symbolizes a scattered organization and people’s hearts, if active means and methods are used to overcome and defeat its defects, the dispersal can be rescued and danger turned into safety.
The Dispersion hexagram follows the Dui hexagram. The Sequence of the Hexagrams explains it this way: “After people experience joy, their minds become scattered, so Dispersion follows.”
The Image Commentary explains: “Wind moves over water—Dispersion; the former kings made offerings to the Supreme Deity and established ancestral temples.” It points out that the image of Dispersion is Kan water below and Xun wind above, the appearance of wind moving over water, symbolizing dispersal and separation. The ancient kings sacrificed to the Supreme Deity and built temples to gather and reunite people’s hearts.
The Dispersion hexagram symbolizes dispersal and reveals how to save what is scattered; it belongs to the lower trigram. The Image Commentary judges it with this verse: “Across the river, one sees a bar of gold; one wishes to take it, but the bank is broad and the water deep. Hoping for wealth, it is hard to get it; all night one vainly exhausts oneself thinking about wealth.”
Hexagram 59 — line-by-line explanation
Detailed explanation of the first line, Initial Six, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Initial Six line statement
Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance.
Explanation in plain language
Initial Six: A flood suddenly arrives, so one rides a horse to escape; in the haste one falls and is injured, but fortunately avoids the disaster of drowning. Auspicious.
The Image Commentary says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six comes from the yin line being below the yang line in the second place, signifying yin’s yielding to yang, like a horse obeying a person.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Auspicious: Those who obtain this line receive support from a respected superior and all plans succeed. An official will be valued and is likely to be promoted.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Rescued from danger; blessings will follow later.
Wealth: Colleagues help, allowing you to profit.
Home: A new building is ready to live in.
Health: Urgent treatment is advisable.
Initial Six changing hexagram
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_1.png)
When Initial Six changes, it becomes hexagram 61 of the Zhouyi: Inner Truth, Wind over Lake. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Dui below and Xun above. The original meaning of trust is incubation; the date when an egg hatches is extremely precise, giving the meaning of trust. The outside is solid and the inside empty, symbolizing sincerity in the heart; hence it is called the Inner Truth hexagram. This is the foundation for conducting oneself in the world.
Philosophical meaning of the line Initial Nine
First line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious. Explanation of the line statement
Use: to make use of. Rescue: to save. Strong horse: a powerful horse.
The meaning of this line statement is: Relying on a strong horse to make up for insufficient strength is auspicious.
From the hexagram image, Initial Six is a yin line in a firm position, improperly placed, and at the beginning of the lower Kan trigram, which symbolizes danger. In these circumstances, Initial Six is weak in ability and low in status, making it highly dangerous. However, it is close to the Nine in the second place and can use that line’s strength to save itself.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance. This points out that Initial Six is auspicious because it can follow and support yang firmness, and can remain close to the Nine in the second place.
Those who obtain this line are in danger and cannot resolve the matter through their own ability. At this time, find a capable person to rely on, submit to that person, and use their strength to escape the crisis.
[First line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious. Explanation]
Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance.
Detailed explanation of the second line, Nine, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Second Nine line
Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears.
The Image says: In Dispersion, running toward one’s support means one’s wish is fulfilled.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the second place: The flood surges and destroys the foundation of a house, but life remains unharmed—a great blessing amid misfortune.
The Image Commentary says: Washing away and scouring the filth is precisely what the heart wishes.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line will see their plans succeed or establish a household. An official will hold real power.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune proceeds smoothly; wishes come true.
Wealth: Trade in goods and achieve what you wish.
Home: First scattered, then reunited; the woman is older than the man.
Health: The brows are furrowed with worry, but a good doctor can cure it.
Transformation of the Second Nine line
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_2.png)
When the second line, Nine, changes, it becomes hexagram 20 of the Zhouyi: Contemplation, Wind over Earth. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kun below and Xun above. Wind moves over the earth, symbolizing moral teaching spreading everywhere. Contemplation and Approach are complementary paired hexagrams. Those above observe the world through morality; those below look up with reverence, and people’s hearts comply and submit.
Philosophical meaning of the Second Nine line
Second line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: In a time of dispersal, quickly leave danger and move to a safe place; regret will disappear.
From the hexagram image, the Nine in the second place is a yang line in a firm position, a capable and vigorous noble person. Yet it is exactly in the middle of the lower Kan trigram, in a dangerous zone. Its upward movement is obstructed, and it does not receive recognition or important use from the leaders of the upper trigram. Fortunately, it receives support from Initial Six below. Thus, during disorder, although it cannot find a powerful backer, it can find a place to live safely and is taken in by Initial Six, allowing it to build strength while awaiting a new opportunity.
The Image Commentary analyzes this line: “In Dispersion, run toward one’s support” means one’s wish is fulfilled. It points out that quickly leaving danger and moving to safety removes danger and regret and fulfills one’s wish.
Those who obtain this line are in the dangerous midst of a chaotic situation. Do not expect your leaders to protect you; quickly leave this circumstance and temporarily avoid the sharp edge. At the same time, maintain relations with some colleagues or subordinates and help them when they need it, so that you can pass through the crisis together and wait for a better opportunity to fulfill your wish.
Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears.
The Image says: In Dispersion, running toward one’s support means one’s wish is fulfilled.
Detailed explanation of the third line, Six, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the third place line statement
Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret.
The Image says: Dispersion of oneself means one’s aspiration lies outside.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the third place: The flood reaches the body, but one fortunately escapes disaster; there is still cause for celebration.
The Image Commentary says: Washing over his body indicates that his aspiration lies in educating others and governing the country.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line generally profit. An official takes up a post away from home.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Courageously go to face hardship; this deserves respect.
Wealth: Valuing money over life brings suffering upon oneself.
Home: Going away avoids disaster; there is a resolve to maintain chastity.
Health: Turn danger into safety.
Six in the third place changing hexagram
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_3.png)
When the third line, Six, changes, it becomes hexagram 57 of the Zhouyi: Xun as Wind. This is a same hexagram, with Xun below and Xun above. Xun is wind; two winds layered together make an unceasing long wind that enters every opening. Xun also signifies compliance and a humble attitude and conduct, so nothing one undertakes is disadvantageous.
The philosophical meaning of the line of Nine in the third place
Third line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: When dispersal appears in oneself, one will not encounter hardship.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the third place is a yin line in a firm position and is not central. It is improperly placed and cannot maintain the middle way. Though weak in ability, it is not content with its present circumstances. It has no response with the Six in the fifth place but has a proper response with the Upper Nine.
The Image Commentary explains: “Dispersion of oneself” means one’s aspiration lies outside. It points out that when dispersal appears in oneself, one’s aspiration is directed outward. Although the Six in the third place cannot resolve its own difficulty of dispersal, it has help from the Upper Six,
so it will not encounter hardship.
Those who obtain this line, if they encounter trouble at work or in life, will gain nothing by seeking their leader. Instead, they should consider asking retired people or experienced former officeholders for help; with their assistance, the trouble can be overcome.
Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret.
The Image says: Dispersion of oneself means one’s aspiration lies outside.
Detailed explanation of the fourth line, Six, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fourth place line statement
Six in the fourth place: Disperse one’s faction—great auspiciousness. Disperse into a hill; this is beyond ordinary thought.
The Image says: Dispersing one’s faction is greatly auspicious; it makes the light and virtue great.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fourth place: The flood rushes toward the crowd, but this is extremely fortunate because the crowd has gathered on a hill, so the water can reach only the foot of the hill; otherwise the consequences would be beyond ordinary imagination.
The Image Commentary says: Washing over the common people indicates that the ruler’s moral teaching is widely applied and civilization flourishes.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Auspicious: Those who obtain this line first encounter danger and then good fortune; plans harmonize and profit can be gained. An official will occupy an important position.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Great fortune flows smoothly; escape difficulty and establish an undertaking.
Wealth: Distribute wealth to relieve danger, and thereby establish your own world.
Home: There is something of considerable promise.
Health: Gather vital energy, and the sick body will heal by itself.
Six in the fourth place changing hexagram
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_4.png)
When the fourth line, Six, changes, it becomes hexagram 6 of the Zhouyi: Litigation, Water below Heaven above. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Qian above. It is opposite to the Need hexagram and forms a complementary paired hexagram. Qian is firmness and strength; Kan is danger and entrapment. Firmness and danger, strength and peril oppose each other, inevitably giving rise to litigation. Litigation is not a good matter, so one must be cautious and vigilant.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fourth place line
Fourth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Six in the fourth place: Disperse one’s faction, greatly auspicious; disperse into a hill, beyond ordinary thought. Explanation of the line statement
Faction: a clique or private party formed by associates. Hill: a group as large as a hill, here referring to relatively concentrated power.
The meaning of this line statement is: Completely disperse the private factions and there will be great good fortune. At the same time, gather the small groups that have been reconciled into a body as large as a hill; this is beyond what ordinary people can imagine.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the fourth place is a yin line in a yielding position, properly placed, with humble and compliant qualities. As a minister close to the ruler, this is important: it shows that the line can maintain a harmonious relationship with the ruler in the fifth place and gain the ruler’s trust and appreciation.
From the perspective of the Dispersion hexagram, the dispersal occurred because the First Six formed a faction with the Second Nine, while the Third Six was also closely connected with the Top Nine. The Fourth Nine, as a minister close to the ruler, assisted the king in managing the dispersal and suppressing factionalism. He achieved excellent results, causing everyone to gather around the ruler.
The Image Commentary analyzes it this way: “Dispersing his group: great good fortune”—this means making it flourish. It points out: “Disbanding all factions brings great good fortune,” showing that one has no selfish or self-serving intentions and possesses upright, honorable character.
Those who receive this line should, as an assistant to a leader, help coordinate internal interpersonal relationships. If they have no selfish or self-serving intentions, they will be entrusted with important responsibilities.
Six in the fourth place: Dispersing his group, great good fortune.
Dispersion gathers like a hill; it is not something ordinary minds can comprehend.
The Image says: “Dispersing his group, great good fortune”—this means making it flourish.
Detailed explanation of the Ninth-Five line of the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Fifth Nine line
Nine in the fifth place: In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.
The Image says: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the fifth place: The floodwaters overflow, submerging the capital and reaching the royal palace, but the important people have already withdrawn, so there is no great disaster.
The Image Commentary says: The royal palace suffers no disaster because the yang line at the fifth place occupies the central position of the upper trigram. Its position is honored and correct, so naturally there is no disaster.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Good fortune: Those who receive this line are in a period of good luck; everything is auspicious, and those seeking profit will succeed. Officials will be promoted.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Being in a central and correct position; all matters are auspicious.
Wealth: Speak and act moderately; profits will come of themselves.
Home: A wealthy and honorable family; you will certainly gain a noble son-in-law.
Health: Abundant sweating can bring recovery.
Transformation of the Fifth Nine line
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_5.png)
When the Ninth-Five line changes, it becomes hexagram 4 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Water, Youthful Folly. This is a repeated pair of different trigrams, with Water below and Mountain above. Mountain symbolizes stopping; Water symbolizes danger. The form is danger below the mountain, yet one continues forward without stopping—this is ignorance, hence the name Youthful Folly. However, because one grasps the right timing and acts appropriately, the hexagram carries the image of enlightenment and accessibility.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fifth place line
The fifth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Nine in the fifth place: “In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.” Explanation of the line statement
Sweat: bodily perspiration, which spreads over the whole body when a person is feverish or frightened. Great proclamation: an order communicated over a very wide area. Abode: a place of residence.
The meaning of this line statement is: Issue an important command as though vaporizing the sweat from the body; as long as the royal position is secure, there will be no calamity.
In terms of the hexagram image, the Ninth-Five is a yang line occupying the ruler’s position; it is central and correct, the center of the world. Faced with a situation of dispersal, the king decides to resolve the accumulated stagnation like treating an illness by inducing sweat. With the assistance of the Fourth-Six, he dissolves the factions and follows the people’s wishes, so no calamity will occur.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position. It points out: “As long as the royal position is secure, there will be no calamity,” because the Ninth-Five occupies the proper position and acts uprightly.
Those who receive this line: As a leader, your position is precarious, your subordinates are dispirited and divided, and your work is stagnant. You must promptly rectify the situation, removing the defects as one would perform surgery on an illness. At the same time, choose a capable assistant to help you change the situation; only then can disaster be avoided.
Nine in the fifth place: In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.
The Image says: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position.
Detailed explanation of the Top-Nine line of the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Top Nine line
Top Nine: Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.
The Image says: “Dispersing his blood”—this means distancing oneself from harm.
Explanation in plain language
Top Nine: The floodwaters recede and worries disappear, but one must still remain vigilant and strengthen precautions; then there will be no disaster.
The Image Commentary says: There is a disaster involving bloodshed; go away, go far away, and you can thereby remain distant from harm.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Ordinary: Those who receive this line will face hardship first and ease later; their fortunes will improve. Officials sent away to take up posts elsewhere will encounter disaster.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune flows freely; there is no need to worry.
Wealth: Trade proceeds smoothly; sources of wealth come naturally.
Home: Avoid conflict; a sign of marrying far away.
Health: Stagnant qi and blood; clearing the blockage will cure it.
Transformation of the Top Nine line
!["周易第59卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_59_6.png)
When the Top-Nine line changes, it becomes hexagram 29 of the Zhouyi: Water doubled, Water. This hexagram consists of the same trigram repeated, with Water below and Water above. Water represents danger; two Waters multiply danger upon danger, with obstacles everywhere. One yang is trapped between two yin lines. Fortunately, the yin is insubstantial and the yang substantial, so sincerity can open a clear passage. Though dangers are repeated, they can reveal the brilliance of human nature.
Philosophical meaning of the Upper Nine line
The sixth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Top Nine: “Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.” Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: Escape harm and avoid it from far away; then there will be no calamity.
In terms of the hexagram image, the Top Nine is a yang line occupying a yielding position. It is hard and lacks humility and compliance; it stands in opposition to the Ninth-Five and is hostile, constantly acting against it. Therefore, it will be rejected and attacked by the ruler. The Top Nine corresponds with the Third-Six of the lower trigram, meaning that if it abandons its current status and position, goes far away from the Ninth-Five, and joins the Third Nine, there will be no disaster.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “Dispersing his blood; distancing oneself from harm.” It points out that “escaping harm” means avoiding disaster from far away.
Those who receive this line: The situation can no longer be salvaged. You must decisively withdraw and avoid from far away the disaster threatening you. Although you have done much for your current organization and made great contributions, do not regard yourself as a meritorious veteran. The leader does not appreciate you and may even attack you because you have some admirers in the organization. Show good judgment: quickly find a lower position to settle in, or simply leave and seek a better opportunity elsewhere.
Top Nine: Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.
The Image says: “Dispersing his blood”—this means distancing oneself from harm.
Initial Six line statement
Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance.
Explanation in plain language
Initial Six: A flood suddenly arrives, so one rides a horse to escape; in the haste one falls and is injured, but fortunately avoids the disaster of drowning. Auspicious.
The Image Commentary says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six comes from the yin line being below the yang line in the second place, signifying yin’s yielding to yang, like a horse obeying a person.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Auspicious: Those who obtain this line receive support from a respected superior and all plans succeed. An official will be valued and is likely to be promoted.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Rescued from danger; blessings will follow later.
Wealth: Colleagues help, allowing you to profit.
Home: A new building is ready to live in.
Health: Urgent treatment is advisable.
Initial Six changing hexagram
When Initial Six changes, it becomes hexagram 61 of the Zhouyi: Inner Truth, Wind over Lake. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Dui below and Xun above. The original meaning of trust is incubation; the date when an egg hatches is extremely precise, giving the meaning of trust. The outside is solid and the inside empty, symbolizing sincerity in the heart; hence it is called the Inner Truth hexagram. This is the foundation for conducting oneself in the world.
Philosophical meaning of the line Initial Nine
First line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious. Explanation of the line statement
Use: to make use of. Rescue: to save. Strong horse: a powerful horse.
The meaning of this line statement is: Relying on a strong horse to make up for insufficient strength is auspicious.
From the hexagram image, Initial Six is a yin line in a firm position, improperly placed, and at the beginning of the lower Kan trigram, which symbolizes danger. In these circumstances, Initial Six is weak in ability and low in status, making it highly dangerous. However, it is close to the Nine in the second place and can use that line’s strength to save itself.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance. This points out that Initial Six is auspicious because it can follow and support yang firmness, and can remain close to the Nine in the second place.
Those who obtain this line are in danger and cannot resolve the matter through their own ability. At this time, find a capable person to rely on, submit to that person, and use their strength to escape the crisis.
[First line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious. Explanation]
Initial Six: Use a strong horse for rescue. Auspicious.
The Image says: The auspiciousness of Initial Six lies in compliance.
Detailed explanation of the second line, Nine, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Second Nine line
Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears.
The Image says: In Dispersion, running toward one’s support means one’s wish is fulfilled.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the second place: The flood surges and destroys the foundation of a house, but life remains unharmed—a great blessing amid misfortune.
The Image Commentary says: Washing away and scouring the filth is precisely what the heart wishes.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line will see their plans succeed or establish a household. An official will hold real power.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune proceeds smoothly; wishes come true.
Wealth: Trade in goods and achieve what you wish.
Home: First scattered, then reunited; the woman is older than the man.
Health: The brows are furrowed with worry, but a good doctor can cure it.
Transformation of the Second Nine line
When the second line, Nine, changes, it becomes hexagram 20 of the Zhouyi: Contemplation, Wind over Earth. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kun below and Xun above. Wind moves over the earth, symbolizing moral teaching spreading everywhere. Contemplation and Approach are complementary paired hexagrams. Those above observe the world through morality; those below look up with reverence, and people’s hearts comply and submit.
Philosophical meaning of the Second Nine line
Second line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: In a time of dispersal, quickly leave danger and move to a safe place; regret will disappear.
From the hexagram image, the Nine in the second place is a yang line in a firm position, a capable and vigorous noble person. Yet it is exactly in the middle of the lower Kan trigram, in a dangerous zone. Its upward movement is obstructed, and it does not receive recognition or important use from the leaders of the upper trigram. Fortunately, it receives support from Initial Six below. Thus, during disorder, although it cannot find a powerful backer, it can find a place to live safely and is taken in by Initial Six, allowing it to build strength while awaiting a new opportunity.
The Image Commentary analyzes this line: “In Dispersion, run toward one’s support” means one’s wish is fulfilled. It points out that quickly leaving danger and moving to safety removes danger and regret and fulfills one’s wish.
Those who obtain this line are in the dangerous midst of a chaotic situation. Do not expect your leaders to protect you; quickly leave this circumstance and temporarily avoid the sharp edge. At the same time, maintain relations with some colleagues or subordinates and help them when they need it, so that you can pass through the crisis together and wait for a better opportunity to fulfill your wish.
Nine in the second place: In Dispersion, run toward one’s support; regret disappears.
The Image says: In Dispersion, running toward one’s support means one’s wish is fulfilled.
Detailed explanation of the third line, Six, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the third place line statement
Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret.
The Image says: Dispersion of oneself means one’s aspiration lies outside.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the third place: The flood reaches the body, but one fortunately escapes disaster; there is still cause for celebration.
The Image Commentary says: Washing over his body indicates that his aspiration lies in educating others and governing the country.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line generally profit. An official takes up a post away from home.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Courageously go to face hardship; this deserves respect.
Wealth: Valuing money over life brings suffering upon oneself.
Home: Going away avoids disaster; there is a resolve to maintain chastity.
Health: Turn danger into safety.
Six in the third place changing hexagram
When the third line, Six, changes, it becomes hexagram 57 of the Zhouyi: Xun as Wind. This is a same hexagram, with Xun below and Xun above. Xun is wind; two winds layered together make an unceasing long wind that enters every opening. Xun also signifies compliance and a humble attitude and conduct, so nothing one undertakes is disadvantageous.
The philosophical meaning of the line of Nine in the third place
Third line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: When dispersal appears in oneself, one will not encounter hardship.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the third place is a yin line in a firm position and is not central. It is improperly placed and cannot maintain the middle way. Though weak in ability, it is not content with its present circumstances. It has no response with the Six in the fifth place but has a proper response with the Upper Nine.
The Image Commentary explains: “Dispersion of oneself” means one’s aspiration lies outside. It points out that when dispersal appears in oneself, one’s aspiration is directed outward. Although the Six in the third place cannot resolve its own difficulty of dispersal, it has help from the Upper Six,
so it will not encounter hardship.
Those who obtain this line, if they encounter trouble at work or in life, will gain nothing by seeking their leader. Instead, they should consider asking retired people or experienced former officeholders for help; with their assistance, the trouble can be overcome.
Six in the third place: Dispersion of oneself; no regret.
The Image says: Dispersion of oneself means one’s aspiration lies outside.
Detailed explanation of the fourth line, Six, in the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fourth place line statement
Six in the fourth place: Disperse one’s faction—great auspiciousness. Disperse into a hill; this is beyond ordinary thought.
The Image says: Dispersing one’s faction is greatly auspicious; it makes the light and virtue great.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fourth place: The flood rushes toward the crowd, but this is extremely fortunate because the crowd has gathered on a hill, so the water can reach only the foot of the hill; otherwise the consequences would be beyond ordinary imagination.
The Image Commentary says: Washing over the common people indicates that the ruler’s moral teaching is widely applied and civilization flourishes.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Auspicious: Those who obtain this line first encounter danger and then good fortune; plans harmonize and profit can be gained. An official will occupy an important position.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Great fortune flows smoothly; escape difficulty and establish an undertaking.
Wealth: Distribute wealth to relieve danger, and thereby establish your own world.
Home: There is something of considerable promise.
Health: Gather vital energy, and the sick body will heal by itself.
Six in the fourth place changing hexagram
When the fourth line, Six, changes, it becomes hexagram 6 of the Zhouyi: Litigation, Water below Heaven above. This is a contrasting hexagram, with Kan below and Qian above. It is opposite to the Need hexagram and forms a complementary paired hexagram. Qian is firmness and strength; Kan is danger and entrapment. Firmness and danger, strength and peril oppose each other, inevitably giving rise to litigation. Litigation is not a good matter, so one must be cautious and vigilant.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fourth place line
Fourth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Six in the fourth place: Disperse one’s faction, greatly auspicious; disperse into a hill, beyond ordinary thought. Explanation of the line statement
Faction: a clique or private party formed by associates. Hill: a group as large as a hill, here referring to relatively concentrated power.
The meaning of this line statement is: Completely disperse the private factions and there will be great good fortune. At the same time, gather the small groups that have been reconciled into a body as large as a hill; this is beyond what ordinary people can imagine.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the fourth place is a yin line in a yielding position, properly placed, with humble and compliant qualities. As a minister close to the ruler, this is important: it shows that the line can maintain a harmonious relationship with the ruler in the fifth place and gain the ruler’s trust and appreciation.
From the perspective of the Dispersion hexagram, the dispersal occurred because the First Six formed a faction with the Second Nine, while the Third Six was also closely connected with the Top Nine. The Fourth Nine, as a minister close to the ruler, assisted the king in managing the dispersal and suppressing factionalism. He achieved excellent results, causing everyone to gather around the ruler.
The Image Commentary analyzes it this way: “Dispersing his group: great good fortune”—this means making it flourish. It points out: “Disbanding all factions brings great good fortune,” showing that one has no selfish or self-serving intentions and possesses upright, honorable character.
Those who receive this line should, as an assistant to a leader, help coordinate internal interpersonal relationships. If they have no selfish or self-serving intentions, they will be entrusted with important responsibilities.
Six in the fourth place: Dispersing his group, great good fortune.
Dispersion gathers like a hill; it is not something ordinary minds can comprehend.
The Image says: “Dispersing his group, great good fortune”—this means making it flourish.
Detailed explanation of the Ninth-Five line of the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Fifth Nine line
Nine in the fifth place: In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.
The Image says: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the fifth place: The floodwaters overflow, submerging the capital and reaching the royal palace, but the important people have already withdrawn, so there is no great disaster.
The Image Commentary says: The royal palace suffers no disaster because the yang line at the fifth place occupies the central position of the upper trigram. Its position is honored and correct, so naturally there is no disaster.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Good fortune: Those who receive this line are in a period of good luck; everything is auspicious, and those seeking profit will succeed. Officials will be promoted.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Being in a central and correct position; all matters are auspicious.
Wealth: Speak and act moderately; profits will come of themselves.
Home: A wealthy and honorable family; you will certainly gain a noble son-in-law.
Health: Abundant sweating can bring recovery.
Transformation of the Fifth Nine line
When the Ninth-Five line changes, it becomes hexagram 4 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Water, Youthful Folly. This is a repeated pair of different trigrams, with Water below and Mountain above. Mountain symbolizes stopping; Water symbolizes danger. The form is danger below the mountain, yet one continues forward without stopping—this is ignorance, hence the name Youthful Folly. However, because one grasps the right timing and acts appropriately, the hexagram carries the image of enlightenment and accessibility.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fifth place line
The fifth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Nine in the fifth place: “In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.” Explanation of the line statement
Sweat: bodily perspiration, which spreads over the whole body when a person is feverish or frightened. Great proclamation: an order communicated over a very wide area. Abode: a place of residence.
The meaning of this line statement is: Issue an important command as though vaporizing the sweat from the body; as long as the royal position is secure, there will be no calamity.
In terms of the hexagram image, the Ninth-Five is a yang line occupying the ruler’s position; it is central and correct, the center of the world. Faced with a situation of dispersal, the king decides to resolve the accumulated stagnation like treating an illness by inducing sweat. With the assistance of the Fourth-Six, he dissolves the factions and follows the people’s wishes, so no calamity will occur.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position. It points out: “As long as the royal position is secure, there will be no calamity,” because the Ninth-Five occupies the proper position and acts uprightly.
Those who receive this line: As a leader, your position is precarious, your subordinates are dispirited and divided, and your work is stagnant. You must promptly rectify the situation, removing the defects as one would perform surgery on an illness. At the same time, choose a capable assistant to help you change the situation; only then can disaster be avoided.
Nine in the fifth place: In dispersion, sweat forth the great proclamation; in dispersion, the king’s abode—no blame.
The Image says: “The king’s abode, no blame”—this means occupying the correct position.
Detailed explanation of the Top-Nine line of the 59th hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Top Nine line
Top Nine: Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.
The Image says: “Dispersing his blood”—this means distancing oneself from harm.
Explanation in plain language
Top Nine: The floodwaters recede and worries disappear, but one must still remain vigilant and strengthen precautions; then there will be no disaster.
The Image Commentary says: There is a disaster involving bloodshed; go away, go far away, and you can thereby remain distant from harm.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Ordinary: Those who receive this line will face hardship first and ease later; their fortunes will improve. Officials sent away to take up posts elsewhere will encounter disaster.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Fortune flows freely; there is no need to worry.
Wealth: Trade proceeds smoothly; sources of wealth come naturally.
Home: Avoid conflict; a sign of marrying far away.
Health: Stagnant qi and blood; clearing the blockage will cure it.
Transformation of the Top Nine line
When the Top-Nine line changes, it becomes hexagram 29 of the Zhouyi: Water doubled, Water. This hexagram consists of the same trigram repeated, with Water below and Water above. Water represents danger; two Waters multiply danger upon danger, with obstacles everywhere. One yang is trapped between two yin lines. Fortunately, the yin is insubstantial and the yang substantial, so sincerity can open a clear passage. Though dangers are repeated, they can reveal the brilliance of human nature.
Philosophical meaning of the Upper Nine line
The sixth line of the Dispersion hexagram, line statement: Top Nine: “Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.” Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: Escape harm and avoid it from far away; then there will be no calamity.
In terms of the hexagram image, the Top Nine is a yang line occupying a yielding position. It is hard and lacks humility and compliance; it stands in opposition to the Ninth-Five and is hostile, constantly acting against it. Therefore, it will be rejected and attacked by the ruler. The Top Nine corresponds with the Third-Six of the lower trigram, meaning that if it abandons its current status and position, goes far away from the Ninth-Five, and joins the Third Nine, there will be no disaster.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “Dispersing his blood; distancing oneself from harm.” It points out that “escaping harm” means avoiding disaster from far away.
Those who receive this line: The situation can no longer be salvaged. You must decisively withdraw and avoid from far away the disaster threatening you. Although you have done much for your current organization and made great contributions, do not regard yourself as a meritorious veteran. The leader does not appreciate you and may even attack you because you have some admirers in the organization. Show good judgment: quickly find a lower position to settle in, or simply leave and seek a better opportunity elsewhere.
Top Nine: Dispersing his blood; go away and flee far off—no blame.
The Image says: “Dispersing his blood”—this means distancing oneself from harm.