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I Ching · 64 Hexagrams
Zhouyi I Ching Hexagram 52, Gen Hexagram, Gen as Mountain, Gen Above and Gen Below
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Gen: Rest the back; do not obtain the body. Walk in the courtyard; do not see the person. No blame.
The Tuan Commentary says: Gen means stopping. When it is time to stop, stop; when it is time to move, move. In movement and stillness, do not miss their proper time; this way is bright. Rest at the point of stopping, stopping in the proper place. The upper and lower lines oppose each other and do not join, so one does not obtain the body. Walking in the courtyard and not seeing the person is without blame.
The Image says: Mountains joined together, Gen. A noble person uses this to keep thought within his position.
Hexagram 52 — original text and overview
Detailed explanation of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Original text of the Gen hexagram
Gen. Rest the back; do not obtain the body. Walk in the courtyard; do not see the person. No blame.
The Image says: Mountains joined together, Gen. A noble person uses this to keep thought within his position.
Explanation in plain language
Gen hexagram: Set down responsibility, hang up the tablet of office, and retire; his figure can no longer be seen among the court ranks, nor can he be found even when sought in his courtyard. He has gone far away, and naturally there is no disaster.
The Image Commentary says: This hexagram consists of two Gen hexagrams doubled; Gen is mountain, so its image is high mountains standing one behind another, deep and steady. A noble person observes this image as a warning: in planning, do not overstep your position, and preserve yourself through prudent wisdom.
Explanation from The Heavenly Mechanism of Divining Changes
The Gen hexagram, Gen above and Gen below, is the original hexagram of the Gen palace. Gen means stopping and signifies the loss of money and property, so caution and vigilance are needed.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Remain and stop; there is no further progress. Accept your share and do not be greedy; do not force what cannot be obtained.
Those who obtain this hexagram face obstruction ahead. They should not advance recklessly, but should hold their position and await an opportunity.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: Ordinary luck; do not advance recklessly.
Wealth: Hold to your original occupation; do not be greedy for money.
Household: Remodeling is not advisable; destiny was determined beforehand.
Health: Prolonged life while carrying an illness.
Traditional interpretation of the hexagram
This hexagram consists of the same trigram doubled, Gen below and Gen above. Gen is the mountain; two mountains placed one above the other signify stillness. It is the opposite of the Zhen hexagram. After a climax, a downturn inevitably appears, and things enter a relatively still phase. Stillness is like a mountain: stop when stopping is appropriate, and proceed when proceeding is appropriate. Movement and rest alike must not miss the right moment; they should be perfectly balanced, with motion and stillness in due measure, stopping when enough is enough.
Great Image: Two towering mountains stand side by side; therefore it is suitable to stop, not to advance—a sign of blockage.
Fortune: Do not act rashly in anything; the road ahead is blocked, so wait for an opportunity before moving.
Career: After a period of development, make adjustments and temporarily stop acting to review experience and lessons. Do not advance recklessly out of greed for fame and profit. Exercise self-restraint and self-discipline, speak and act cautiously, and do not blindly pursue others. After recuperating, display your abilities when the right opportunity arrives.
Business: Entering a stagnant state, do not advance blindly. It is better to stop at the right time and quietly withdraw to defend your position. Do not be disturbed by outside influences; especially maintain inner and rational calm, and do not easily cooperate with others. Wait for the opportunity and a bright future is assured.
Seeking fame: Maintain a pure purpose and quietly hold to the right path. Do not be tempted by fame and achievement; uphold loyalty and honesty, and success can be attained.
Marriage and love: Value feelings and treat each other sincerely; you can grow old together.
Decision: You are quiet and introverted by nature, dislike activities, and are not good at socializing. You are loyal, honest, and faithful to your principles. Pay attention to other people's advice and protect yourself wisely. When the opportunity has not arrived, do not act too actively. Stop when you should stop, and do not entertain unrealistic ideas.
Philosophical meaning of the 52nd hexagram
The image of the Gen hexagram and the symbolic meaning of Gen as Mountain
Gen represents the mountain. In the I Ching, the symbol of the Gen hexagram is “”. The symbol of Gen among the Eight Trigrams arose from the observation by the ancients that a mountain is made up of many individual stones. Therefore, two yin symbols, “two twos,” were used to represent stones of different sizes on a high mountain. Then, proceeding from low to high, the uppermost layer is the uneven ridgeline of the mountain peak, drawn with one yang symbol, “one.” Thus the symbol Gen, representing the mountain, was formed.
The form of Gen is one yang line above two yin lines, like the summit of a mountain being yang with yin substance stored below. Since mountains are always still and unmoving, the nature of Gen is “stopping.” Its associated meanings include prohibition, obstruction, stillness, boundaries, composure, calm, replacement, stubbornness, subjectivity, restarting, standards, independence, transformation, lawsuits, solidity, extinction, admonition, waiting, and weightiness.
The lesson revealed by Gen is to move and be still at the proper time. It is a lower-middle hexagram. The Image Commentary judges it this way: Wealth often passes through the mind, but unfortunately is hard to reach at hand; when things do not go as wished, endure for now, and when idle matters arise, do not open your mouth.
Original text of the Gen hexagram
Gen. Rest the back; do not obtain the body. Walk in the courtyard; do not see the person. No blame.
The Image says: Mountains joined together, Gen. A noble person uses this to keep thought within his position.
Explanation in plain language
Gen hexagram: Set down responsibility, hang up the tablet of office, and retire; his figure can no longer be seen among the court ranks, nor can he be found even when sought in his courtyard. He has gone far away, and naturally there is no disaster.
The Image Commentary says: This hexagram consists of two Gen hexagrams doubled; Gen is mountain, so its image is high mountains standing one behind another, deep and steady. A noble person observes this image as a warning: in planning, do not overstep your position, and preserve yourself through prudent wisdom.
Explanation from The Heavenly Mechanism of Divining Changes
The Gen hexagram, Gen above and Gen below, is the original hexagram of the Gen palace. Gen means stopping and signifies the loss of money and property, so caution and vigilance are needed.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Remain and stop; there is no further progress. Accept your share and do not be greedy; do not force what cannot be obtained.
Those who obtain this hexagram face obstruction ahead. They should not advance recklessly, but should hold their position and await an opportunity.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: Ordinary luck; do not advance recklessly.
Wealth: Hold to your original occupation; do not be greedy for money.
Household: Remodeling is not advisable; destiny was determined beforehand.
Health: Prolonged life while carrying an illness.
Traditional interpretation of the hexagram
This hexagram consists of the same trigram doubled, Gen below and Gen above. Gen is the mountain; two mountains placed one above the other signify stillness. It is the opposite of the Zhen hexagram. After a climax, a downturn inevitably appears, and things enter a relatively still phase. Stillness is like a mountain: stop when stopping is appropriate, and proceed when proceeding is appropriate. Movement and rest alike must not miss the right moment; they should be perfectly balanced, with motion and stillness in due measure, stopping when enough is enough.
Great Image: Two towering mountains stand side by side; therefore it is suitable to stop, not to advance—a sign of blockage.
Fortune: Do not act rashly in anything; the road ahead is blocked, so wait for an opportunity before moving.
Career: After a period of development, make adjustments and temporarily stop acting to review experience and lessons. Do not advance recklessly out of greed for fame and profit. Exercise self-restraint and self-discipline, speak and act cautiously, and do not blindly pursue others. After recuperating, display your abilities when the right opportunity arrives.
Business: Entering a stagnant state, do not advance blindly. It is better to stop at the right time and quietly withdraw to defend your position. Do not be disturbed by outside influences; especially maintain inner and rational calm, and do not easily cooperate with others. Wait for the opportunity and a bright future is assured.
Seeking fame: Maintain a pure purpose and quietly hold to the right path. Do not be tempted by fame and achievement; uphold loyalty and honesty, and success can be attained.
Marriage and love: Value feelings and treat each other sincerely; you can grow old together.
Decision: You are quiet and introverted by nature, dislike activities, and are not good at socializing. You are loyal, honest, and faithful to your principles. Pay attention to other people's advice and protect yourself wisely. When the opportunity has not arrived, do not act too actively. Stop when you should stop, and do not entertain unrealistic ideas.
Philosophical meaning of the 52nd hexagram
The image of the Gen hexagram and the symbolic meaning of Gen as Mountain
Gen represents the mountain. In the I Ching, the symbol of the Gen hexagram is “”. The symbol of Gen among the Eight Trigrams arose from the observation by the ancients that a mountain is made up of many individual stones. Therefore, two yin symbols, “two twos,” were used to represent stones of different sizes on a high mountain. Then, proceeding from low to high, the uppermost layer is the uneven ridgeline of the mountain peak, drawn with one yang symbol, “one.” Thus the symbol Gen, representing the mountain, was formed.
The form of Gen is one yang line above two yin lines, like the summit of a mountain being yang with yin substance stored below. Since mountains are always still and unmoving, the nature of Gen is “stopping.” Its associated meanings include prohibition, obstruction, stillness, boundaries, composure, calm, replacement, stubbornness, subjectivity, restarting, standards, independence, transformation, lawsuits, solidity, extinction, admonition, waiting, and weightiness.
The lesson revealed by Gen is to move and be still at the proper time. It is a lower-middle hexagram. The Image Commentary judges it this way: Wealth often passes through the mind, but unfortunately is hard to reach at hand; when things do not go as wished, endure for now, and when idle matters arise, do not open your mouth.
Hexagram 52 — line-by-line explanation
Detailed explanation of the Initial Nine line of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Initial Six line statement
Six in the First Place. Rest the toes; no blame. Favorable for long-term steadfastness.
The Image says: Rest the toes—the right path has not been lost.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the First Place: Rest your feet and recover; do not act rashly, and naturally there will be no disaster. This is an omen of long-lasting auspiciousness.
The Image Commentary says: Rest your feet and recover; do not act rashly, stay away from unrighteousness, and do not lose the right path, so you will naturally remain fortunate forever.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line should keep to their proper share and not indulge desire. An official who conservatively performs his duties will suffer no loss.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: Good luck is just beginning; withdrawing to defend yourself brings no blame.
Wealth: Be content and happy; do more good deeds.
Household: Suitable for living long-term; a harmonious union for a hundred years.
Health: Seek medical care for a foot ailment.
Initial Six changing hexagram
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_1.png)
When the Six in the First Place changes, it becomes hexagram number 22 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Fire, Bi. This is an opposing-trigram hexagram, with Li below and Gen above. Li is fire and brightness; Gen is mountain and stopping. It is civilized yet restrained. The Bi hexagram discusses the relationship between culture and substance, taking substance as primary and culture as regulation. Bi means adornment and refinement.
Philosophical meaning of the First Nine line
First line of Gen, line statement: Six in the First Place: Rest the toes; no blame; favorable for long-term steadfastness. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: If one discovers a mistake before the toes take a step, one should stop immediately. Then there will be no fault, and it is favorable to maintain the right path for a long time.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the First Place is a yielding line in a firm position, so it is in an inappropriate place, and it is not in the central position, so it cannot hold to the center. This line signifies that a deviation has appeared at the beginning of action.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “Rest the toes”—the right path has not been lost. This means that if one discovers a mistake before the toes step out and stops immediately, one has not lost the right path and therefore will not be at fault.
Those who obtain this line: You want to do something, but the situation is difficult to predict. It is best to remain calm; if you stop before acting, that is the best outcome.
Six in the First Place: Rest the toes; no blame; favorable for long-term steadfastness.
The Image says: Rest the toes; crimson loss of the right path.
The meaning of the classic text is: The feet stop moving; there is no disaster, and it is favorable to maintain the right path forever.
The meaning of the Image Commentary is: The feet stop moving because the right path has not been lost.
Detailed explanation of the Nine in the Second Place line of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the second place line statement
Six in the Second Place. Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased.
The Image says: Unable to rescue the one being followed—one has not withdrawn to listen.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the Second Place: Stop and stand still, but the muscles of the leg are still injured. The heart is very displeased.
The Image Commentary says: The muscles of the leg are still injured because the person stubbornly clings to his own view, refusing to withdraw and listen to others.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Inauspicious: Those who obtain this line have blocked fortune and may be traveling about outside, enduring much toil; they may also suffer a foot ailment. An official cannot obtain others’ help and should not strive upward.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: The path of fortune is blocked; helping hands are lacking.
Wealth: Goods stop and cannot be sold; anxiety is hard to avoid.
Household: Relocation is not advisable; avoid this marriage.
Health: Medication is difficult to cure it.
Six in the second place changing hexagram
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_2.png)
When the Six in the Second Place changes, it becomes hexagram number 18 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Wind, Gu. This hexagram is an opposing-trigram hexagram, with Xun below and Gen above, and is inverse to Sui. Gu originally means a matter and extends to many affairs and disorder. When vessels left unused for a long time breed insects, this is called Gu; it symbolizes a world long at peace becoming conventional and corrupt, requiring innovation and creation, governance and rectification, rescue from crisis, and revival of the enterprise.
Philosophical meaning of the Second Nine line
Second line of Gen, line statement: Six in the Second Place: Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased. Explanation of the line statement
Calf: the lower leg below the knee joint.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restraint is applied at the calf; since one cannot save another, one can only follow that person’s movement, and the heart feels blocked and unhappy.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the Second Place is a yielding line in a yielding position, properly placed and centered, possessing the virtues of balance, correctness, benevolence, and harmony. Together with the Nine in the Third Place and Six in the Fourth Place, it forms the trigram Kan, which indicates danger. The Six in the Second Place is at the beginning of Kan and is first to recognize this danger, but its superior, the Nine in the Third Place, cannot maintain the center and advances forcefully without considering the consequences. The Six in the Second Place wants to urge it to stop, but its position is lower than the Third Place, just as the calf cannot control the thigh; it cannot restrain the Third Place and can only reluctantly follow.
The Image Commentary analyzes this line: “Unable to rescue the one being followed—one has not withdrawn to listen.” This means that since the Nine in the Third Place cannot step back and listen to the advice to stop, the Six in the Second Place feels displeased.
Those who obtain this line: You recognize that a certain danger exists, but your superior or leader does not listen to your opinion, and you must take the risk together with them. At this time, you are truly helpless.
Six in the Second Place: Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased.
The Image says: Unable to rescue the one being followed; crimson withdrawal to listen.
Detailed detailed explanation of the Nine in the Third Place line of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Third Nine line
Nine in the Third Place. Rest the waist; the flesh at the ribs is split; danger burns the heart.
The Image says: Rest the waist; danger burns the heart.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the Third Place: Set down the heavy burden and protect the waist, but the flesh between the ribs has already split. If one does not withdraw in time, danger will result. This disaster is brought on by being deluded by fame and profit and unable to withdraw quickly or leave office.
The Image Commentary says: “Set down the heavy burden and protect the waist, but the flesh at the ribs is split; if one does not withdraw in time, danger results.” The danger is caused by being deluded by fame and profit.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Inauspicious: Those who obtain this line face an unfavorable period, danger, and unease.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Success comes by following the times; do not force matters.
Financial fortune: Secluding yourself and guarding your own interests will make poverty hard to avoid.
Household: Visits and exchanges are favorable; do not be restricted by doors or boundaries.
Health: The blood vessels are not circulating freely.
Transformation of the Third Nine line
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_3.png)
When the third line changes, this becomes Hexagram 23 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Earth, Stripping. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Kun below and Gen above, doubled. Five yin lines are below and one yang line is above: yin is dominant while yang stands isolated; a lofty mountain rests upon the earth. Both images signify stripping away, hence it is called Stripping. Yin flourishes while yang declines, symbolizing petty people gaining power and gentlemen falling into hardship, with their undertakings deteriorating.
The philosophical meaning of the line of Nine in the third place
Third line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Nine in the third place: Restraining the waist, splitting the spine; danger scorches the heart. Explanation of the line statement.
Waist: a boundary or limit. Splitting: separating, standing apart without connection. Spine: a person’s backbone, positioned opposite the heart.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restraining movement at the waist until the flesh of the back is torn, one is trapped in danger and the heart is troubled as if scorched.
In the hexagram image, the third line is yang in a firm position, so it has the correct place but is not central; it is impatient and prone to movement. The third line lies within the trigram Kan formed by the second, third, and fourth lines. Kan signifies danger. Thus the third line is trapped in danger, without assistance and unable to move on its own. It is like stepping across a threshold and only then remembering to restrain oneself; such restraint cannot truly hold, and the flesh along the spine will tear. This is extremely ominous and painful, like a fierce fire scorching the heart.
The Image analyzes this line as follows: “Restraining the waist” means danger scorches the heart. It points out that restraining movement at the waist shows the person is trapped in danger and troubled as if scorched. The lesson is: move when it is time to move, stop when it is time to stop; but if the timing and position for stopping are inappropriate, unnecessary losses will result.
Those who receive this line may have been unable to bear work pressure and failed to resign or relinquish their duties in time, eventually developing problems in the waist.
Those who receive this line may also, out of coveting fame or profit, originally intend to devote themselves to helping others accomplish something and achieve a goal, but at dusk become involved in a conflict with them. At that point, stop what you were going to do; do not let desire for gain cloud your heart and then demand benefits from them.
Nine in the third place: Restraining the waist, splitting the spine; danger scorches the heart.
The Image says: Rest the waist; danger burns the heart.
The meaning of the classical text is: Stop the waist; tear the back; danger is like fierce fire burning the heart.
The meaning of the Image statement is: Stop the waist; its danger is like fierce fire burning the heart.
Detailed explanation of the fourth line, Six in the fourth place, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fourth place line statement
Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame.
The Image says: Restraining the body means stopping oneself.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fourth place: Withdraw and preserve yourself; there will be no misfortune.
The Image statement says: Withdrawing to preserve oneself means concentrating all one’s attention on one’s own safety and danger, and therefore not attracting disaster.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who receive this line should remain content with their station and follow the usual way; do not entertain improper ambitions.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Neither gain nor loss; preserving yourself brings no blame.
Financial fortune: You can preserve your capital and may gain another good opportunity.
Household: Peaceful and uneventful; marriage is ordinary.
Health: Prolonged life while carrying an illness.
Six in the fourth place changing hexagram
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_4.png)
When the fourth line changes, this becomes Hexagram 56 of the Zhouyi: Fire over Mountain, the Wanderer. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Li above, doubled. It is the opposite of the Abundance hexagram and is mutually related as a reversed hexagram. Fire burns in the mountains, never ceasing, its flames continually spreading forward like a traveler hurrying along a road. Hence it is called the Wanderer.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fourth place line
Fourth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame. Explanation of the line statement.
The meaning of this line statement is: If you restrain the upper part of your body from moving, you will not be harmed.
In the hexagram image, Six in the fourth place has already entered the upper trigram and is near Six in the fifth place, making it a minister close to the ruler. This position resembles the chest and abdomen, which protect the internal organs and control the limbs. Six in the fourth place is a yin line in a yielding position, correctly placed. It can restrain the impatient, restless Nine in the third place, examine itself, control itself, and obey the commands of Six in the fifth place; therefore there is no blame.
The Image explains this line as follows: “Restraining the body” means stopping oneself. It points out that restraining the upper body means self-control without overstepping one’s own position.
This line reminds people that everything has a proper measure, and this must be considered whenever one acts. Those who receive this line should understand that their key task now is to grasp this measure: control the extent to which subordinates act, and examine themselves to see whether they are acting appropriately when carrying out a leader’s orders. Check whether you have made any mistakes or faults in these areas.
Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame. The Image says: Restraining the body means stopping oneself.
Detailed explanation of the fifth line, Six in the fifth place, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fifth place line statement
Six in the fifth place: Restraining the cheeks; speech is orderly, and regret disappears.
The Image says: Restraining the cheeks is achieved through central correctness.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fifth place: Keep your mouth closed and speak little; speak with measure, and naturally there will be no regret.
The Image statement says: Keep your mouth closed and speak little, with measured speech and no regret, because Six in the fifth place occupies the central position of the upper trigram, like a person who carefully observes the way of central correctness.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who receive this line are upright gentlemen; human relations are harmonious and plans succeed. Officials will hold important positions.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Speak with central correctness, and you will naturally be worthy of acceptance.
Financial fortune: Secrecy is essential; business opportunities can succeed.
Household: The position is central and correct; beware of clever words.
Health: If the mouth can produce sound, the illness can be treated.
Six in the fifth place changing hexagram
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_5.png)
When the fifth line changes, this becomes Hexagram 53 of the Zhouyi: Wind over Mountain, Gradual Progress. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Xun above, doubled. Gen is mountain and Xun is wood. A tree grows on a mountain, gradually increasing in height, while the mountain also rises with it. This is a process of gradual advancement, hence it is called Gradual Progress: progress little by little, without haste.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fifth place line
Fifth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Six in the fifth place: Restraining the cheeks; speech is orderly, and regret disappears. Explanation of the line statement.
Cheeks: the cheeks of the face. Speech is orderly: speak with measure and in an orderly way.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restrain your mouth; do not speak carelessly or wildly, but speak with great measure and order.
In the hexagram image, Six in the fifth place is a yin line occupying the ruler’s position. Its talent and substance are weak, with a suspicion of being out of alignment. Yet it is in the middle of the upper trigram and can uphold the middle way, effectively restraining its words and actions. Everything it says is treated as precious, authoritative speech, so no matter of regret arises.
The Image explains this line as follows: “Restraining the cheeks” is achieved through central correctness. It points out that keeping one’s mouth in check and not speaking carelessly shows that Six in the fifth place occupies the central position and can uphold the middle way. This line teaches precisely that one must beware of disaster emerging from the mouth.
Those who receive this line may be very talkative; some may exaggerate or boast, even arousing the dislike of those around them. Be especially careful when speaking: too much speech leads to mistakes, so do not say what should not be said, lest unnecessary trouble arise. Be cautious in speech and conduct. Once a major incident occurs, if it does not involve you, there will be nothing to regret.
Detailed explanation of the top line, Nine at the top, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Top Nine line
Nine at the top: Deep sincerity in stillness; good fortune.
The Image says: “The auspiciousness of keeping still with sincerity lies in bringing it to a substantial conclusion.”
Explanation in plain language
Top line: Pay attention to protecting your head; if your head remains intact, good fortune naturally follows.
The Image statement says: The line statement is auspicious because it takes loyalty and sincerity as its destination. Since the top line is the final line of the hexagram, it resembles a person who maintains loyalty and sincerity and therefore receives a good ending.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Good: Those who receive this line have many blessings and benefits, but should beware of inauspicious events. Officials will be promoted, and scholars will achieve excellent results.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Good fortune builds upon good fortune; auspiciousness follows naturally.
Financial fortune: A business gets underway; profit will naturally be abundant.
Household: Honesty and sincerity continue through the generations; marriage is auspicious.
Health: A solid, robust constitution.
Transformation of the Top Nine line
!["周易第52卦的其中之一变卦卦的卦图]("https://mypublicforweb.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/inching/64_52_6.png)
When the top line changes, this becomes Hexagram 15 of the Zhouyi: Earth over Mountain, Modesty. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Kun above, doubled. Gen is mountain and Kun is earth. A mountain rises from the earth; the earth is low and the mountain high, high within and low without. It symbolizes great merit without claiming credit, high renown without praising oneself, and high position without arrogance. This is Modesty.
Philosophical meaning of the Upper Nine line
Sixth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Nine at the top: Deep sincerity in stillness; good fortune. Explanation of the line statement.
Deep sincerity: the meaning of being honest, substantial, and solid.
The meaning of this line statement is: If one can restrain evil desires through a deep, sincere, and steadfast virtue, good fortune will be attained.
Viewed through the hexagram image, the top yang line is at the very upper end of the Gen Hexagram. It is not only deep and substantial but also elevated and great; with its utmost substantial virtue, it carries the way of stillness through from beginning to end. The Image explains this line as follows: “The auspiciousness of keeping still with sincerity lies in bringing it to a substantial conclusion.” This indicates that “being able to restrain deviant desires through sincere and solid virtue brings good fortune,” showing that the top yang line can preserve its substantial virtue to the very end.
This line tells people that restraining one’s words and actions requires deep sincerity and virtue. Only an honest, sincere character brings good fortune; otherwise it becomes the opportunistic cleverness of petty people, harming both others and oneself.
Initial Six line statement
Six in the First Place. Rest the toes; no blame. Favorable for long-term steadfastness.
The Image says: Rest the toes—the right path has not been lost.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the First Place: Rest your feet and recover; do not act rashly, and naturally there will be no disaster. This is an omen of long-lasting auspiciousness.
The Image Commentary says: Rest your feet and recover; do not act rashly, stay away from unrighteousness, and do not lose the right path, so you will naturally remain fortunate forever.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who obtain this line should keep to their proper share and not indulge desire. An official who conservatively performs his duties will suffer no loss.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: Good luck is just beginning; withdrawing to defend yourself brings no blame.
Wealth: Be content and happy; do more good deeds.
Household: Suitable for living long-term; a harmonious union for a hundred years.
Health: Seek medical care for a foot ailment.
Initial Six changing hexagram
When the Six in the First Place changes, it becomes hexagram number 22 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Fire, Bi. This is an opposing-trigram hexagram, with Li below and Gen above. Li is fire and brightness; Gen is mountain and stopping. It is civilized yet restrained. The Bi hexagram discusses the relationship between culture and substance, taking substance as primary and culture as regulation. Bi means adornment and refinement.
Philosophical meaning of the First Nine line
First line of Gen, line statement: Six in the First Place: Rest the toes; no blame; favorable for long-term steadfastness. Explanation of the line statement
The meaning of this line statement is: If one discovers a mistake before the toes take a step, one should stop immediately. Then there will be no fault, and it is favorable to maintain the right path for a long time.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the First Place is a yielding line in a firm position, so it is in an inappropriate place, and it is not in the central position, so it cannot hold to the center. This line signifies that a deviation has appeared at the beginning of action.
The Image Commentary explains this line: “Rest the toes”—the right path has not been lost. This means that if one discovers a mistake before the toes step out and stops immediately, one has not lost the right path and therefore will not be at fault.
Those who obtain this line: You want to do something, but the situation is difficult to predict. It is best to remain calm; if you stop before acting, that is the best outcome.
Six in the First Place: Rest the toes; no blame; favorable for long-term steadfastness.
The Image says: Rest the toes; crimson loss of the right path.
The meaning of the classic text is: The feet stop moving; there is no disaster, and it is favorable to maintain the right path forever.
The meaning of the Image Commentary is: The feet stop moving because the right path has not been lost.
Detailed explanation of the Nine in the Second Place line of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the second place line statement
Six in the Second Place. Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased.
The Image says: Unable to rescue the one being followed—one has not withdrawn to listen.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the Second Place: Stop and stand still, but the muscles of the leg are still injured. The heart is very displeased.
The Image Commentary says: The muscles of the leg are still injured because the person stubbornly clings to his own view, refusing to withdraw and listen to others.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Inauspicious: Those who obtain this line have blocked fortune and may be traveling about outside, enduring much toil; they may also suffer a foot ailment. An official cannot obtain others’ help and should not strive upward.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Fortune: The path of fortune is blocked; helping hands are lacking.
Wealth: Goods stop and cannot be sold; anxiety is hard to avoid.
Household: Relocation is not advisable; avoid this marriage.
Health: Medication is difficult to cure it.
Six in the second place changing hexagram
When the Six in the Second Place changes, it becomes hexagram number 18 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Wind, Gu. This hexagram is an opposing-trigram hexagram, with Xun below and Gen above, and is inverse to Sui. Gu originally means a matter and extends to many affairs and disorder. When vessels left unused for a long time breed insects, this is called Gu; it symbolizes a world long at peace becoming conventional and corrupt, requiring innovation and creation, governance and rectification, rescue from crisis, and revival of the enterprise.
Philosophical meaning of the Second Nine line
Second line of Gen, line statement: Six in the Second Place: Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased. Explanation of the line statement
Calf: the lower leg below the knee joint.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restraint is applied at the calf; since one cannot save another, one can only follow that person’s movement, and the heart feels blocked and unhappy.
From the hexagram image, the Six in the Second Place is a yielding line in a yielding position, properly placed and centered, possessing the virtues of balance, correctness, benevolence, and harmony. Together with the Nine in the Third Place and Six in the Fourth Place, it forms the trigram Kan, which indicates danger. The Six in the Second Place is at the beginning of Kan and is first to recognize this danger, but its superior, the Nine in the Third Place, cannot maintain the center and advances forcefully without considering the consequences. The Six in the Second Place wants to urge it to stop, but its position is lower than the Third Place, just as the calf cannot control the thigh; it cannot restrain the Third Place and can only reluctantly follow.
The Image Commentary analyzes this line: “Unable to rescue the one being followed—one has not withdrawn to listen.” This means that since the Nine in the Third Place cannot step back and listen to the advice to stop, the Six in the Second Place feels displeased.
Those who obtain this line: You recognize that a certain danger exists, but your superior or leader does not listen to your opinion, and you must take the risk together with them. At this time, you are truly helpless.
Six in the Second Place: Rest the calf; unable to rescue the one being followed, the heart is displeased.
The Image says: Unable to rescue the one being followed; crimson withdrawal to listen.
Detailed detailed explanation of the Nine in the Third Place line of the 52nd hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Third Nine line
Nine in the Third Place. Rest the waist; the flesh at the ribs is split; danger burns the heart.
The Image says: Rest the waist; danger burns the heart.
Explanation in plain language
Nine in the Third Place: Set down the heavy burden and protect the waist, but the flesh between the ribs has already split. If one does not withdraw in time, danger will result. This disaster is brought on by being deluded by fame and profit and unable to withdraw quickly or leave office.
The Image Commentary says: “Set down the heavy burden and protect the waist, but the flesh at the ribs is split; if one does not withdraw in time, danger results.” The danger is caused by being deluded by fame and profit.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Inauspicious: Those who obtain this line face an unfavorable period, danger, and unease.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Success comes by following the times; do not force matters.
Financial fortune: Secluding yourself and guarding your own interests will make poverty hard to avoid.
Household: Visits and exchanges are favorable; do not be restricted by doors or boundaries.
Health: The blood vessels are not circulating freely.
Transformation of the Third Nine line
When the third line changes, this becomes Hexagram 23 of the Zhouyi: Mountain over Earth, Stripping. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Kun below and Gen above, doubled. Five yin lines are below and one yang line is above: yin is dominant while yang stands isolated; a lofty mountain rests upon the earth. Both images signify stripping away, hence it is called Stripping. Yin flourishes while yang declines, symbolizing petty people gaining power and gentlemen falling into hardship, with their undertakings deteriorating.
The philosophical meaning of the line of Nine in the third place
Third line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Nine in the third place: Restraining the waist, splitting the spine; danger scorches the heart. Explanation of the line statement.
Waist: a boundary or limit. Splitting: separating, standing apart without connection. Spine: a person’s backbone, positioned opposite the heart.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restraining movement at the waist until the flesh of the back is torn, one is trapped in danger and the heart is troubled as if scorched.
In the hexagram image, the third line is yang in a firm position, so it has the correct place but is not central; it is impatient and prone to movement. The third line lies within the trigram Kan formed by the second, third, and fourth lines. Kan signifies danger. Thus the third line is trapped in danger, without assistance and unable to move on its own. It is like stepping across a threshold and only then remembering to restrain oneself; such restraint cannot truly hold, and the flesh along the spine will tear. This is extremely ominous and painful, like a fierce fire scorching the heart.
The Image analyzes this line as follows: “Restraining the waist” means danger scorches the heart. It points out that restraining movement at the waist shows the person is trapped in danger and troubled as if scorched. The lesson is: move when it is time to move, stop when it is time to stop; but if the timing and position for stopping are inappropriate, unnecessary losses will result.
Those who receive this line may have been unable to bear work pressure and failed to resign or relinquish their duties in time, eventually developing problems in the waist.
Those who receive this line may also, out of coveting fame or profit, originally intend to devote themselves to helping others accomplish something and achieve a goal, but at dusk become involved in a conflict with them. At that point, stop what you were going to do; do not let desire for gain cloud your heart and then demand benefits from them.
Nine in the third place: Restraining the waist, splitting the spine; danger scorches the heart.
The Image says: Rest the waist; danger burns the heart.
The meaning of the classical text is: Stop the waist; tear the back; danger is like fierce fire burning the heart.
The meaning of the Image statement is: Stop the waist; its danger is like fierce fire burning the heart.
Detailed explanation of the fourth line, Six in the fourth place, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fourth place line statement
Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame.
The Image says: Restraining the body means stopping oneself.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fourth place: Withdraw and preserve yourself; there will be no misfortune.
The Image statement says: Withdrawing to preserve oneself means concentrating all one’s attention on one’s own safety and danger, and therefore not attracting disaster.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who receive this line should remain content with their station and follow the usual way; do not entertain improper ambitions.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Neither gain nor loss; preserving yourself brings no blame.
Financial fortune: You can preserve your capital and may gain another good opportunity.
Household: Peaceful and uneventful; marriage is ordinary.
Health: Prolonged life while carrying an illness.
Six in the fourth place changing hexagram
When the fourth line changes, this becomes Hexagram 56 of the Zhouyi: Fire over Mountain, the Wanderer. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Li above, doubled. It is the opposite of the Abundance hexagram and is mutually related as a reversed hexagram. Fire burns in the mountains, never ceasing, its flames continually spreading forward like a traveler hurrying along a road. Hence it is called the Wanderer.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fourth place line
Fourth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame. Explanation of the line statement.
The meaning of this line statement is: If you restrain the upper part of your body from moving, you will not be harmed.
In the hexagram image, Six in the fourth place has already entered the upper trigram and is near Six in the fifth place, making it a minister close to the ruler. This position resembles the chest and abdomen, which protect the internal organs and control the limbs. Six in the fourth place is a yin line in a yielding position, correctly placed. It can restrain the impatient, restless Nine in the third place, examine itself, control itself, and obey the commands of Six in the fifth place; therefore there is no blame.
The Image explains this line as follows: “Restraining the body” means stopping oneself. It points out that restraining the upper body means self-control without overstepping one’s own position.
This line reminds people that everything has a proper measure, and this must be considered whenever one acts. Those who receive this line should understand that their key task now is to grasp this measure: control the extent to which subordinates act, and examine themselves to see whether they are acting appropriately when carrying out a leader’s orders. Check whether you have made any mistakes or faults in these areas.
Six in the fourth place: Restraining the body; no blame. The Image says: Restraining the body means stopping oneself.
Detailed explanation of the fifth line, Six in the fifth place, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Six in the fifth place line statement
Six in the fifth place: Restraining the cheeks; speech is orderly, and regret disappears.
The Image says: Restraining the cheeks is achieved through central correctness.
Explanation in plain language
Six in the fifth place: Keep your mouth closed and speak little; speak with measure, and naturally there will be no regret.
The Image statement says: Keep your mouth closed and speak little, with measured speech and no regret, because Six in the fifth place occupies the central position of the upper trigram, like a person who carefully observes the way of central correctness.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Neutral: Those who receive this line are upright gentlemen; human relations are harmonious and plans succeed. Officials will hold important positions.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Speak with central correctness, and you will naturally be worthy of acceptance.
Financial fortune: Secrecy is essential; business opportunities can succeed.
Household: The position is central and correct; beware of clever words.
Health: If the mouth can produce sound, the illness can be treated.
Six in the fifth place changing hexagram
When the fifth line changes, this becomes Hexagram 53 of the Zhouyi: Wind over Mountain, Gradual Progress. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Xun above, doubled. Gen is mountain and Xun is wood. A tree grows on a mountain, gradually increasing in height, while the mountain also rises with it. This is a process of gradual advancement, hence it is called Gradual Progress: progress little by little, without haste.
Philosophical meaning of the Nine in the fifth place line
Fifth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Six in the fifth place: Restraining the cheeks; speech is orderly, and regret disappears. Explanation of the line statement.
Cheeks: the cheeks of the face. Speech is orderly: speak with measure and in an orderly way.
The meaning of this line statement is: Restrain your mouth; do not speak carelessly or wildly, but speak with great measure and order.
In the hexagram image, Six in the fifth place is a yin line occupying the ruler’s position. Its talent and substance are weak, with a suspicion of being out of alignment. Yet it is in the middle of the upper trigram and can uphold the middle way, effectively restraining its words and actions. Everything it says is treated as precious, authoritative speech, so no matter of regret arises.
The Image explains this line as follows: “Restraining the cheeks” is achieved through central correctness. It points out that keeping one’s mouth in check and not speaking carelessly shows that Six in the fifth place occupies the central position and can uphold the middle way. This line teaches precisely that one must beware of disaster emerging from the mouth.
Those who receive this line may be very talkative; some may exaggerate or boast, even arousing the dislike of those around them. Be especially careful when speaking: too much speech leads to mistakes, so do not say what should not be said, lest unnecessary trouble arise. Be cautious in speech and conduct. Once a major incident occurs, if it does not involve you, there will be nothing to regret.
Detailed explanation of the top line, Nine at the top, of the fifty-second hexagram of the Zhouyi
Statement of the Top Nine line
Nine at the top: Deep sincerity in stillness; good fortune.
The Image says: “The auspiciousness of keeping still with sincerity lies in bringing it to a substantial conclusion.”
Explanation in plain language
Top line: Pay attention to protecting your head; if your head remains intact, good fortune naturally follows.
The Image statement says: The line statement is auspicious because it takes loyalty and sincerity as its destination. Since the top line is the final line of the hexagram, it resembles a person who maintains loyalty and sincerity and therefore receives a good ending.
Explanation by Shao Yong, a Northern Song scholar of the Changes
Good: Those who receive this line have many blessings and benefits, but should beware of inauspicious events. Officials will be promoted, and scholars will achieve excellent results.
Interpretation by Fu Peirong, a Taiwanese master of traditional Chinese learning
Timing and fortune: Good fortune builds upon good fortune; auspiciousness follows naturally.
Financial fortune: A business gets underway; profit will naturally be abundant.
Household: Honesty and sincerity continue through the generations; marriage is auspicious.
Health: A solid, robust constitution.
Transformation of the Top Nine line
When the top line changes, this becomes Hexagram 15 of the Zhouyi: Earth over Mountain, Modesty. This is a contrasting hexagram, formed by Gen below and Kun above, doubled. Gen is mountain and Kun is earth. A mountain rises from the earth; the earth is low and the mountain high, high within and low without. It symbolizes great merit without claiming credit, high renown without praising oneself, and high position without arrogance. This is Modesty.
Philosophical meaning of the Upper Nine line
Sixth line of the Gen hexagram, line statement: Nine at the top: Deep sincerity in stillness; good fortune. Explanation of the line statement.
Deep sincerity: the meaning of being honest, substantial, and solid.
The meaning of this line statement is: If one can restrain evil desires through a deep, sincere, and steadfast virtue, good fortune will be attained.
Viewed through the hexagram image, the top yang line is at the very upper end of the Gen Hexagram. It is not only deep and substantial but also elevated and great; with its utmost substantial virtue, it carries the way of stillness through from beginning to end. The Image explains this line as follows: “The auspiciousness of keeping still with sincerity lies in bringing it to a substantial conclusion.” This indicates that “being able to restrain deviant desires through sincere and solid virtue brings good fortune,” showing that the top yang line can preserve its substantial virtue to the very end.
This line tells people that restraining one’s words and actions requires deep sincerity and virtue. Only an honest, sincere character brings good fortune; otherwise it becomes the opportunistic cleverness of petty people, harming both others and oneself.